Igisubizo cyihuse:Abacuruzi b'i Burayi bashaka uburoso bwo gusukura imigano mu gikoni no mu ngo mu 2026 bagomba guhuza ibintu bine icyarimwe: ibikoresho by'imigano (tampico, sisal, PET, cyangwa fibre y'ubumwe), imiterere y'imirongo (uruziga, mpandeshatu, ifite ishusho ya L), kwandikisha ikirango cy'ibidukikije (FSC, EU Ecolabel, Nordic Swan, cyangwa Blue Angel), no kubahiriza amategeko ya REACH. Imigano ubwayo ntabwo igengwa n'amabwiriza ya EU yerekeye pulasitiki zikoreshwa rimwe, ariko imigano, lacquer iri ku mugozi, n'icyuma gifata cyangwa insinga gifata umutwe byose bifite inshingano zitandukanye itsinda rishinzwe kugura rigomba kugenzura mbere yo kwemeza ibihangano.
1. Impamvu abacuruzi b'i Burayi bahindukirira gukoresha uburoso bwo gusukura imigano muri 2026
Impinduka kuva kuri pulasitiki ukajya kuri bumba mu cyiciro cy’ibikoresho byo gusukura byo mu Burayi ntiziterwa n’itegeko rimwe gusa ahubwo ziterwa n’uburyo bwo kubahiriza amategeko bwagiye buteranywa kuva aho amabwiriza ya EU yerekeye gukoresha pulasitiki imwe (SUPD) yatangiriye gushyirwa mu bikorwa mu 2021. Mu 2026, abacuruzi bo mu Budage, mu Bufaransa, mu Buholandi no mu bihugu byo mu majyaruguru y’uburengerazuba barimo gusanga uburyo bworoshye bwo gukomeza kubahiriza icyiciro cy’ibikoresho byo gusukura mu nzego zitandukanye z’amategeko ari ugushyiraho bumba ku giti no ku gitereko no kugabanya ibice by’ubukorano ku mutwe w’ijisho gusa. Inyandiko yemewe na SUPD ubwayo, yasohotse nk’ukoAmabwiriza (EU) 2019/904 kuri EUR-Lex, ibuza ibyiciro icyenda by'ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki bikoreshwa rimwe gusa ariko ntibuza mu buryo butaziguye ibikoresho byo gusukura bikozwe mu migano, ibi bikaba bitanga uburenganzira bwemewe n'abacuruzi bwo guhindura uburoso bw'imigano nk'ikintu gisanzwe mu bitabo byabo byihariye.
1.1 Amabwiriza ya EU yerekeye ikoreshwa rimwe rya pulasitiki (SUPD) n'ingaruka zayo ku bikoresho byo gusukura
SUPD, yahinduwe itegeko ry'igihugu mu bihugu 27 bigize Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi bitarenze umwaka wa 2021, igabanya ishyirwa ku isoko ry'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi ry'ibyiciro icyenda by'ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki bikoreshwa rimwe: inkoni z'ipamba, ibikoresho byo guteka, amasahani, ibyatsi, utwuma, inkoni z'amabara, ibikoresho by'ibiribwa, ibikoresho by'ibinyobwa, n'udupira two koza. Iri tegeko ntiribuza mu buryo butaziguye uburoso bwo gusukura imigano, ariko politiki yagutse yahinduye imyitwarire y'abacuruzi mu buryo bubiri bupimye. Ubwa mbere, abacuruzi bo mu Budage no mu Bufaransa bakuyeho uburoso bwo gusangiriraho bukozwe muri pulasitiki mu bitabo byabo bwite by'inyandiko bahitamo ibikoresho bikozwe muri minota nubwo nta tegeko ribitegeka guhindura, kuko uburyo bwo gusangira imigano bukuraho igenzura rya SUPD ndetse n'igenzura rya REACH rijyanye n'amategeko nta nyandiko zitandukanye. Icya kabiri, abacuruzi bo mu Buholandi no mu Bubiligi batangiye gusaba inyandiko z'uruhererekane rwa FSC ziturutse ku bacuruza imigano nk'igice cy'uburyo bumwe bwo kubahiriza amategeko, kuko ikirego cya FSC cyoroshya igenzura rya EU rijyanye n'amategeko yo gutema amashyamba (EUDR) ubu rikoreshwa ku byiciro byinshi by'ibicuruzwa byegeranye.
1.2 Impamvu Bamboo Iruta Plastiki Isubijwe mu Bikoresho ku Rutonde rw'Iyubahirizwa ry'Amategeko y'Abacuruzi
Mu rwego rw’ubuyobozi bw’amategeko, uburoso bwo mu gikoni bwa pulasitiki bukoreshwa mu kongera gukoresha busaba inyandiko nibura ku mpande esheshatu: ijanisha ry’ibikubiye mu gikoni nyuma yo kongera gukoresha, REACH ikurikiza REACH y’ibikubiye mu gikoni, uburyo ibikubiye mu gikoni byahinduwe bikurikirana gahunda yo kubikusanya, igihugu cyaturutsemo cyo kongera gukoresha, kuba hari ibintu bifite impungenge cyane (SVHC) biri hejuru ya 0.1% w/w, na Bisphenol A yimuka hakurikijwe amabwiriza y’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’uburayi yo guhuza ibiryo niba uburoso bukoze ku buso bwo gutegura ibiryo. Uburoso bukozwe mu giti cya bamboo bufite umutwe wa PET ushobora gusimburwa busaba inyandiko ku mpande eshatu: FSC igenzura umugano, REACH ikurikiza REACH y’icyuma gikoreshwa mu gusiga n’umugozi, hamwe n’amategeko yose yo gusiga ku buso bw’umugozi. Icyuho cy’inyandiko ni impamvu ifatika yatumye umugano utsinda igereranya ry’amategeko muri gahunda nyinshi z’ubucuruzi bwite bw’i Burayi mu 2025 na 2026.
2. Guhitamo ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa Bristle: Sisal vs PET vs Tampico vs Union Fibre
Guhitamo uruhu rw'umuhondo ni cyo kintu kimwe kigena imikorere yo gusukura ndetse n'uburyo brush yoza ibiti by'umugano ikwiriye gukoreshwa. Ibikoresho bine by'uruhu rw'umuhondo abacuruzi b'i Burayi bakunze kuvuga ni fibre ya tampico (umuhondo karemano ukomoka ku gihingwa cya agave cyo muri Megizike), sisal (umuhondo karemano ukomoka ku gihingwa cya agave sisalana), PET (terephthalate ya polyethylene isubirwamo cyangwa idafite ubuziranenge), na fibre y'umuhondo (uruvange rw'ibimera n'udupira twiganjemo tampico ifite igice gito cya sisal cyangwa bassine). Buri ruhu rw'umuhondo rufite uruvange rutandukanye rwo gupima ubushyuhe, kwinjiza amazi, kwangirika kw'ibinyabuzima, no kwemeza ko ibiryo bihuye, kandi guhitamo kw'itsinda rishinzwe kugura bigomba gushingira ku gikoni cyangwa ubwiherero byagenewe gukoreshwa aho gushingira ku giciro cya buri ruhu. Ushobora kubona matrix yuzuye y'uruhu rw'umuhondo n'umukono Ningbo Yawen ijya muri gahunda z'uruhu rw'umuhondo hirya no hino mu Burayi ku rubuga rwacu.ibikoresho byo gusukura imiganourupapuro rwa katalogu, aho buri bwoko bw'uburoso bugaragaza ibikoresho byabwo by'ubudodo, ubucucike bw'imirongo, n'uburyo bugenewe gukoreshwa.
Ku buroso bwo mu gikoni bugenewe gusukura amasahani, amasafuriya, n'ibikoresho munsi y'amazi ashyushye, fibre ya tampico ifite umurambararo wa mm 0.30 kugeza 0.35 itanga uburyo bwiza bwo kwirinda gushwanyagurika no kwinjiza amazi. Tampico ifata amazi muri fibre lumen, ituma uburoso buguma butose mu gihe cyo gukaraba kandi ikagabanya gukenera ko uyikoresha yongera gushwanyagurika uburoso inshuro nyinshi. Ku buroso bwo mu nkono bugenewe ibikoresho byo gutekeshamo ibyuma cyangwa ibyuma bitagira umugese hamwe n'ibisigazwa byokejwe, sisal ifite umurambararo wa mm 0.40 kugeza 0.45 itanga gushwanyagurika kwinshi no gusukura vuba ariko ku giciro cyo kwangirika kw'amasafuriya. Ku buroso bwo koza imboga bugenewe gusukura umusaruro munsi y'amazi akonje, PET ifite umurambararo wa mm 0.25 ni amahitamo meza yo kwirinda gushwanyagurika kw'ibiribwa kandi ikuraho imipaka y'ibihugu by'Uburayi yo kwimuka ku biryo hakurikijwe amabwiriza (EU) No 10/2011. Ku bwogero cyangwa uburoso bw'amatafari bugenewe gusukura imigozi n'amatafari, fibre y'umurambararo wa mm 0.35 ni yo ikoreshwa cyane mu bucuruzi bw'i Burayi kuko ihuza uburyo amazi ya tampico akura n'uburyo yangiritse mu ruvange rumwe rw'amatafari.
3. Ergonomics yo mu gikoresho: Imigozi y'uruziga cyangwa iy'impandeshatu cyangwa iy'imiterere ya L ku miyoboro yo mu rugo
Imiterere y'umukono ni yo igena niba uburoso bunyura mu isuzuma ry'umukoresha w'umucuruzi. Imiterere itatu y'umukono ni yo igaragara mu cyiciro cy'isuku mu rugo mu Burayi muri 2026. Imiterere y'umukono izengurutse ni silinda ya kera ifite umurambararo wa mm 22 kugeza kuri 25 ikwiranye n'umukono usanzwe w'umuntu mukuru kandi ni yo nzira ihendutse cyane ku murongo w'ikirango cy'umuntu ku giti cye. Imiterere y'umukono ifite impande eshatu yongeraho uburebure bwa mm 3 kugeza kuri 5 munsi y'umukono, ibi biha umukoresha aho afata icyerekezo kandi bigabanya uburyo ukuboko guhindagurika bukenewe kugira ngo habeho igitutu cyo gusukura. Imiterere ifite ishusho ya L ishyira umutwe w'inkoni ku nguni ya dogere 90 ku mukono, ari na yo miterere abakozi benshi b'inzobere mu gikoni no mu koza amasahani bakunda mu gusukura ubuso buto. Ku murongo w'urugo ureba umuguzi mukuru wa supermarket aho kuba umukoresha w'umwuga, imiterere y'umukono ifite umusaruro mwiza mu igerageza ry'umukoresha mu maduka yo mu Budage no mu Bufaransa twabonye muri gahunda nyinshi z'ikirango cy'umuntu ku giti cye.
Ibisobanuro bya ergonomics by'umugozi bigomba kandi kugaragaza irangizwa. Irangizwa ritakozwe neza ritanga ikiguzi gito cyane kandi rigakemura ibipimo byose by'ibidukikije, ariko irangizwa ritakozwe neza rishobora gucika nyuma y'amezi 6 kugeza kuri 12 rikoreshejwe mu bwiherero butose. Irangizwa ry'amavuta y'ubutare yo mu rwego rwo hejuru rituma umugozi uramba kandi rikongera uburyo bwo gufata butose, ariko irangizwa ry'amavuta y'ubutare rigomba kuba ryujuje ibisabwa na REACH kandi rigomba kuba ryaratangajwe ku bicuruzwa bipakiye ku isoko ry'Ubudage. Irangizwa ry'amavuta y'ubutare ritanga imikorere myiza yo gufata butose ariko rigahagarikwa muri gahunda zimwe na zimwe z'ibirango byigenga kuko irangizwa ry'amavuta ni ibikoresho bikomoka ku nyamaswa binyuranyije n'ibisabwa ku byangombwa by'abarya inyama. Ku murongo w'ibirango byigenga by'i Burayi wo mu 2026 ugamije isoko rigari ry'urugo nta kirego cyihariye cy'abarya inyama, irangizwa ry'amavuta y'ubutare yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ni ryo rishobora kwirindwa cyane.
4. Kugenzura ibirango bya Eco-Label: FSC, EU Ecolabel, Nordic Swan, na Blue Angel igereranije
Gahunda enye z’ibirango by’ibidukikije zikubiyemo uburoso bwo gusukura imigano ku isoko ry’i Burayi, kandi buri imwe ifite ikiguzi gitandukanye, igihe cyo kugenzura, n’uburyo isoko ryemerwamo.Uburyo bwo kwemeza imicungire y'abakiriya muri FSCIkubiyemo imicungire y'amashyamba y'imigano n'uruhererekane rw'uburinzi kuva ku ishyamba kugeza ku bihuru byarangiye. FSC 100% bivuze ko imigano ishobora gukurikiranwa n'ishami rimwe ryemewe ryo gucunga amashyamba; FSC Mix bivuze ko imigano ivanze n'ibiti bigenzurwa cyangwa byasubiwemo; FSC Recycled bivuze ko ibikubiye mu migano ari ibikoresho 100% byasubiwemo nyuma yo kugurwa. Ku bijyanye n'uburoso bwo gusukura imigano, FSC Mix ni yo ikunze kuvugwa cyane kuko imigano myinshi ikomoka ku bihingwa bivanze n'ibikomoka ku bimera karemano. Ningbo Yawen ifite icyemezo cya FSC CoC cy'igice cy'imigano, kandi ikigo kiyifite nk'ikigo cy'igihe kirekire.umucuruzi w'ibikoresho byo mu gikoni byita ku bidukikijeKubera ubushobozi bwa ODM na OEM, ikirego cya FSC cyanditswe ku rwego rw'inyemezabwishyu aho kuba ku rwego rw'ubucuruzi n'ikirego.
Itsinda ry'ibicuruzwa bya EU Ecolabel n'ibipimo ngenderwaho byashyizwe ahagaragara na Komisiyo y'UburayiYemeza ibicuruzwa byose hakurikijwe ibisabwa kugira ngo bikoreshwe, imiti, n'uburyo byangirika mu gihe cy'imyaka 3. Ku bijyanye n'uburoso bw'imigano, EU Ecolabel ikubiyemo uburyo bwo kwangirika kw'imirongo y ...Ibipimo ngenderwaho bya Nordic Swan Ecolabelyemeje ibicuruzwa hakurikijwe ibipimo bikomeye bya shimi kurusha EU Ecolabel, cyane cyane ku bintu biri ku rutonde rw'abakandida ba REACH SVHC. Blue Angel (ikigo cy'igihugu cy'Ubudage gishinzwe ecolabel) yemeje ibicuruzwa hakurikijwe ibipimo birimo kongera gukoreshwa kw'umutwe w'inkari n'icyuma gikoreshwa mu gihe cy'urupfu.
Ku murongo w’ubucuruzi bwite bw’i Burayi wohereza ibicuruzwa mu bihugu byinshi, uburyo bukunze gukoreshwa cyane mu 2026 ni ugushyiraho FSC Mix ku giti cy’umugano, EU Ecolabel ku gishushanyo nk’umusaruro urangiye, hamwe no kwiyandikisha kwa Nordic Swan ku bikoresho byoherejwe muri Suwede, Noruveje, Danemark na Finlande. Kwiyandikisha kwa Blue Angel byongerwaho gusa ku bikoresho bigenewe isoko ry’amasoko rya leta y’Ubudage, kuko Blue Angel ifite ibyo ikunda mu gutanga amasoko ariko ntitanga isoko ry’abaguzi hanze y’Ubudage.
5. Igikoni vs Ubwogero vs Koza amasahani: Uburyo Ubucucike bw'imitsi bugomba gutandukana hakurikijwe icyiciro
Ubucucike bw'imitsi yo mu gituza, bupimirwa nk'umubare w'imitsi yo mu gituza kuri santimetero kare y'umutwe, ni bwo buryo bugena umuvuduko wo gusukura n'umuvuduko w'imitsi yo mu gituza. Amadirishya atatu y'ubucucike akunze kugaragazwa n'abacuruzi b'i Burayi ari hagati ya 4 na 6 kuri cm² ku mavuta yo mu gikoni, 6 na 8 kuri cm² ku mavuta yo mu bwiherero, na 8 na 10 kuri cm² ku mavuta yo koza imboga n'ibikomoka ku bimera. Idirishya ry'ubucucike rishyirwaho n'itandukaniro riri hagati yo gusukura ubuso (bituma ubucucike burushaho kuba bwinshi) n'amazi asohoka hagati y'imitsi yo mu gituza (bituma ubucucike bugabanuka kugira ngo hirindwe ko isabune yiyongera). Ubucucike bwo mu gikoni buri kuri 6 kuri cm² busuka amazi neza munsi y'amazi atemba kandi busukura isahani yo kuriraho mu minota 8 kugeza kuri 12. Ubucucike bwo mu bwiherero buri kuri 8 kuri cm² bufata umuti wo koza mwinshi kuri buri minota ariko busaba koza cyane kugira ngo hirindwe ko isabune yiyongera mu gice cy'umutsi.
6. Ingano, MOQ, n'igihe cyo kwishyurwa kuri gahunda z'ibirango by'abikorera ku giti cyabo b'abacuruzi b'i Burayi
Ku murongo w’uburoso bwo gusukura bwa bamboo ufite SKU eshatu (uburoso bwo gusana amasahani bufite umugozi, uburoso bw’inkono bufite umugozi wa mpandeshatu, n’uburoso bw’amatafari yo mu bwiherero bufite ishusho ya L), umubare muto usanzwe wo gutumiza muri Ningbo Yawen ni ibice 1.000 kugeza ku 3.000 kuri SKU imwe, igihe cyo gutanga umusaruro kiva ku kwemezwa kw’ibihangano kugeza ku gihe cyo gutanga umusaruro. Umupaka wo hasi w’iminsi 35 ukoreshwa ku mabwiriza asubirwamo aho ibipimo by’ibumba, ibikoresho, n’uburoso bitahindutse ugereranije n’ibyakozwe mbere; umupaka wo hejuru w’iminsi 45 ukoreshwa ku mabwiriza ya mbere asaba ibumba rishya cyangwa ibipimo by’ibumba rishya. Ku maporogaramu arenga ibice 10.000 kuri SKU imwe, igihe cyo gutanga umusanzu gishyirwa ku minsi 30 iyo ibumba n’ibikoresho byemejwe kandi umurongo w’umusaruro ukaba waratanzwe.
Ingano ikurikiza ibisobanuro bitandukanye. Igipimo cy’i Burayi ku buroso bwo mu gikoni ni umugozi ufite umurambararo wa mm 22 kugeza kuri 25 ufite umurambararo w’umutwe w’inkari wa mm 50 kugeza kuri 60 n’uburebure bwa mm 220 kugeza 240. Ku buroso bwo mu nkono, igipimo ni umugozi ufite umurambararo wa mm 25 kugeza kuri 28 ufite umutwe w’inkari wa mm 70 kugeza kuri 80 n’uburebure bwa mm 240 kugeza 260. Ku buroso bwo mu bwiherero, igipimo ni umugozi ufite umurambararo wa mm 22 ufite umutwe w’urukiramende wa mm 80 x 60 n’uburebure bwa mm 200 kugeza 220 hamwe n’umutwe ufite inguni kuri dogere 90. Izi ngamba z’ingano ni zo zishingiye ku bipimo by’ibikoresho byo mu gikoni bya DIN 10510 by’Abadage, ibipimo by’ibikoresho byo gusukura bya NF D21-311 by’Abafaransa, hamwe n’ubuyobozi bw’ibikoresho byo gusukura byo mu rugo bya CEN/TR 16976.
7. Ingaruka rusange ku bijyanye no kubahiriza amategeko: Kwimuka kw'ibyuma bikomeye, Gukuramo Phthalate, n'Imipaka ya Formaldehyde
Ingaruka eshatu zo kubahiriza amategeko zagarutse muri gahunda z’ubucuruzi bwite bw’i Burayi bwo mu 2025 na 2026. Iya mbere ni ukwimuka kw’icyuma gikomeye kiva ku cyuma gifata umutwe w’ibyuma kugeza ku mugozi w’ibyuma. Icyuma gikunze kuba gikozwe mu cyuma gipfundikiye zinc cyangwa icyuma gipfundikiye zinc, kandi ipfundikizo rya zinc rishobora kwangirika nk’uko biteganywa na EN 71-3 mu bijyanye no kwimuka kw’ibikinisho niba ipfundikizo rikoreshwa mu bwiherero (aho abana bashobora kurikoresha rimwe na rimwe). Ikizakorwa ni ukugena ipfundikizo rya zinc ridafite ipfundikizo rya zinc ku ipfundikizo iryo ari ryo ryose rifite icyemezo cya CE Toy Safety Directive cyangwa rikoreshwa mu bwiherero. Ipfundikizo rya kabiri ni ukuvamo phthalate mu mavuta ya PET yasubiwemo. Virgin PET ntabwo irimo phthalate, ariko PET yasubiwemo ishobora kuba irimo phthalate zisigaye zavuye mu ikoreshwa rya mbere, kandi izi phthalate zishobora kwangirika nk’uko REACH Annex XVII ibivuga ku maftalate mu bintu byagenewe gukoranaho igihe kirekire ku ruhu. Inyigo ni ukugaragaza PET idafite ubwanwa ku buroso ubwo aribwo bwose bugenewe gukoreshwa mu bwiherero cyangwa mu gikoni no gusaba itangazo ryanditse rya phthalate riturutse ku mucuruzi w'inkari ku buroso ubwo aribwo bwose bwa PET bwongerewe gukoreshwa. Imbogamizi ya gatatu ni ukurekura formaldehyde mu gipfundikizo cyo hejuru ku mupfundikizo w'umugano. Inyigo ni ukugaragaza lacquer ishingiye ku mazi ifite formaldehyde iri munsi ya 0.05 mg / m³ no gusaba itangazo ryanditse ryubahiriza imipaka ya BfR y'Abadage na ANSES y'Abafaransa ku bintu bimara igihe kirekire bihuye n'uruhu. Imiterere yagutse y'umutungo wa bamboo, harimo n'ibipimo by'ubushuhe n'uburyo imipfundikizo y'umugano ihagaze, byanditswe muriImiterere y'umutungo wa FAO mu bijyanye n'imigano.
8. Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa: Ibibazo 5 Abacuruzi b'i Burayi Babaza Mbere yo Gushaka Umugozi w'Uburoso bw'Imbombo
8.1 Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ubudodo bwiza ku buroso bw'ibiryo bya bamboo bukurikije EU Ecolabel?
Udupira tw’ibimera (uruvange rw’udupira tw’imboga rwiganjemo tampico hamwe n’igice cya sisal cyangwa bassine) hamwe na fibre ya tampico 100% ni ubwoko bubiri bw’udupira tw’ibimera buhora busobanura neza amabwiriza ya EU Ecolabel yo gukoresha no kwangirika kw’ibinyabuzima mu gusukura uburoso mu gikoni. Udupira tw’ibimera tw’ibimera tw’ibimera tw’ibimera tw’ibimera tw’ibimera tw’ibimera ariko dusaba ko inyandiko z’ibicuruzwa byasubiwemo nyuma yo kugurwa zigumana ikimenyetso mu gihe cy’imyaka 3 yo kuvugurura.
8.2 Ese uburoso bw'umugano bugengwa n'amategeko agenga ikoreshwa rimwe rya pulasitiki mu bihugu bya EU SUPD?
Oya. SUPD ibuza ibikoresho bya pulasitiki bikoreshwa rimwe gusa nk'uduti tw'ipamba, ibikoresho byo guteka, amasahani, ibyatsi, n'udukoresho two gukaraba. Uburoso bwo gusukura bwa bambu bufite imitwe y'ubudodo bushobora gusimburwa ni ikintu kiramba, ntabwo ari ikintu gikoreshwa rimwe gusa, bityo kikaba kiri hanze y'amategeko. Ishusho y'uko uburoso bwa bambu bukurikizwa igengwa na REACH, amabwiriza ya EU Ecolabel, na FSC chain-of-custody aho kuba na SUPD.
8.3 Ni izihe nyandiko z'ingenzi zo mu rwego rwa FSC umucuruzi wigenga w'ibirango agomba gusaba ku mucuruzi w'uburoso bw'imigano?
Nibura, inomero y'icyemezo cya FSC Chain of Custody (CoC) ifite agaciro ku rwego rwemewe n'amategeko rw'utanga, ikirego cya FSC Mix cyangwa FSC 100% kuri fagitire y'igice cy'imigano, hamwe n'itangazo ryashyizweho umukono ko nta migano ikomoka ku bimera byakusanyijwe mu buryo butemewe cyangwa amoko y'imigano yahinduwe mu buryo bw'uturemangingo yinjira mu cyiciro cy'umusaruro. Ku birego bya FSC 100%, imigano igomba gukurikiranwa n'ishami rimwe rishinzwe gucunga amashyamba rifite icyemezo cya FSC FM cyemewe.
8.4 Ni iyihe gahunda isanzwe ya MOQ n'igihe cyo kwishyurwa ku murongo w'uburoso bw'ibirahure by'i Burayi by'ubucuruzi bwite?
Ku murongo w’uburoso bw’ibiryo by’imigano w’ikirango cyihariye ufite SKU eshatu (uburoso bw’ibiryo bufite umugozi, uburoso bw’inkono, n’uburoso bw’icupa), MOQ isanzwe muri Ningbo Yawen ni ibice 1.000 kugeza ku 3.000 kuri SKU imwe, igihe cyo gukora kuva ku kwemererwa kw’ibihangano kugeza ku gikorwa cyo kohereza. Ku bikoresho birenga 10.000 kuri SKU imwe, igihe cyo gukora gishyirwa ku minsi 30 iyo imashini n’ibikoresho byemejwe.
8.5 Ese hari imipaka ya formaldehyde ikoreshwa ku mavuta yo gusukura imigano agurishwa mu Muryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi?
Yego. REACH Annex XVII ibuza formaldehyde kurekurwa mu bintu bigenewe gukora ku ruhu kugeza kuri 0.05 mg/m³ ku bikinisho n'ibikoresho byo kwita ku bana, kandi Ikigo cy'Abadage BfR na ANSES b'Abafaransa bashyize ahagaragara agaciro kanini ku bintu bikora ku ruhu igihe kirekire. Uburoso bw'imigano bufite irangi ryo hanze ritubahiriza REACH bushobora kunanirana kugenzura ibintu bya gasutamo, cyane cyane munsi ya sisitemu yo kumenyesha ya RAPEX.
Niba witeguye gushyiraho umurongo w'uburoso bwo gusukura imigano kuri gahunda y'ubucuruzi bwite bw'i Burayi, ushobora gutangagutumiza uburoso bwinshiKubaza mu buryo butaziguye itsinda ryacu rishinzwe kugurisha hamwe n'ibikoresho byawe by'ubudodo, imiterere y'umukono, kwiyandikisha mu birango by'ibidukikije, hamwe n'uburyo bwo guhuza iyubahirizwa ry'imiti. Ibisobanuro bine bivugwa muri iyi nyandiko (ubudodo, umukono, ikirango cy'ibidukikije, n'iyubahirizwa ry'imiti) bigomba gushyirwa muri RFQ yawe mbere yo kwemezwa n'ibihangano.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-13-2026